{"id":100746,"date":"2026-08-13T09:41:02","date_gmt":"2026-08-13T07:41:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/?p=100746"},"modified":"2026-08-13T11:09:23","modified_gmt":"2026-08-13T09:09:23","slug":"dal-juech-dla-pelota-ai-poec-bertsolaritza-n-raion-rich-de-tradizions-che-se-a-menteni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/?p=100746","title":{"rendered":"Dal juech dla pelota ai poec Bertsolaritza: n raion rich de tradizions che se \u00e0 manten\u00ec."},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>

de Sofia Stuflesser<\/em><\/p>\n

L sistem imersif<\/h6>\n

Tla pert spanuela dl Paesc Basch iel plu m\u00ebudli scolastics: Tl model A ie dut per spanuel, m\u00e9 da tr\u00ebi a cin\u2019 \u00ebura de basch al\u2019ena. Tl model B ie basch y spanuel la rujenedes de nseniam\u00ebnt. Tl model D an dut per basch, m\u00e9 da tr\u00ebi a cin\u2019 \u00ebura de spanuel al\u2019ena. L model D \u00e0 la Ikastolak, ma l ie nce truepa scoles publiches y catoliches cun ch\u00ebsc sistem.<\/p>\n

Tla Cumunit\u00e0 Autonoma Basca iel te duta la scoles, sibe privates che publiches, n sistem imersif (model D). N possa ruv\u00e9 nchin ala fin dl studium cun basch coche rujeneda prinzipela de furmazion.<\/p>\n

Tla region de Navarra iel \u2013 sciche tla Cumunit\u00e0 Autonoma Basca – al nord la scoles imersives per basch. Tamez iel n raion ulache i genitores possa cr\u00ec ora te ce sort de scola mand\u00e9 i mutons y tl sud iel l sistem imersif per spanuel. Tla pert franz\u00ebusa dl Paesc Basch iel \u2013 sciche tl sud \u2013 scoles cun l sistem imersif basch, dantaldut la Ikastolak, ma pona iel nce truepa scoles bilingueles y scoles cun sistem imersif per franz\u00ebus. Tres la sensibilisazion di ultimi ani iel un\u00ec a s\u2019l d\u00e9 for plu y plu scoles bilingueles y l ie nce truep genitores che scrij ite si mutons o mutans tla scola basca. N generel se lascel usserv\u00e9, n pue\u2019 sciche da n\u00ebus, che la scul\u00e9es y i sculeies de rujeneda franz\u00ebusa o spanuela rejona mpo franz\u00ebus danter \u00ebi, nce sce i ie te na Ikastola. Sciche da n\u00ebus v\u00ebniel te n cuntest plurilinguel nia ng\u00ebrt rujen\u00e0 l lingaz de maiuranza o cun n prestige plu aut, y nia ch\u00ebl dla mendranza. S\u00eburapr\u00f2 iel stud\u00ebnc y stud\u00ebntes che rejona euskara m\u00e9 a scola, ma nia tla vita da uni di. L medemo possen usserv\u00e9 tla valedes ladines. N v\u00ebija che l ie truepa paraleles cun nosta realt\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Canche ie ti cuntove ala j\u00ebnt de nosc sistem plurilinguel fova belau duc feter scetics y me damandova ciuld\u00ec che ne on nia n sistem imersif de ladin, ajache l tud\u00ebsch y talian mperen pa b\u00ebn tla vita da uni di.<\/p>\n

Studium y universit\u00e0<\/h6>\n

L\u2019\u00ebila che me \u00e0 dat d\u2019albierch, Begotxu, \u00e0 fat n studium de basch pra i Gesuits, n studium n con\u2018 dla rujeneda, la leteratura, la storia, la leges y truep depl\u00f9 n cont de ch\u00ebsc raion. Ntl\u00ebuta ne fovel mo nia universiteies publiches per basch. Al didancuei possen studi\u00eb d\u2019uni sort de cosses per basch. L\u2019universit\u00e0 plu mpurtanta ie l\u2019Universit\u00e0 dl Paesc Basch (EHU, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea) che \u00e0 si s\u00ebntes a Bilbo, Donostia (per spanuel: San Sebastian), Vitoria-Gasteiz y nsci inant. Pona iel nce mo l\u2019universit\u00e0 privata de Deusto a Bilbo. Tla pert franz\u00ebusa ne n\u2019iel degun studium defin per basch, ma m\u00e9 singuli cursc o prugrams.<\/p>\n

I studies publics tl Paesc Basch costa danter i 1000 y i 1800 euro al ann, ma il\u00f3 iel scialdi rie ruv\u00e9 ite, nce sce n \u00e0 na media de 8 sun 10. L\u2019universiteies privates al incontra costa danter 5500 y 15.000 euro al ann. Nfat sce privat o publich \u2013 n possa cr\u00ec ora na lingia de studies d\u2019uni sort per basch: studies bascs (cun n focus sun la rujeneda, cultura, leteratura y storia), storia, filosofia, jurnalism, scienzes sozieles, pedagogia, economia, d\u00ebrt, aministrazion, nfurmatica, scienzes njenieres, biologia y scienzes natureles.<\/p>\n

Ntelig\u00ebnza artifiziela<\/h6>\n

L Paesc Basch ie scialdi inant cun la ntelig\u00ebnza artifiziela, dantaldut tres l gran l\u00ebur fat dala urganisazion privata non-profit Elhuyar. \u00cbi se \u00e0 t\u00ebut dant de cunli\u00eb l euskara y la scienza. Nscila ai svilup\u00e0 n tradut\u00ebur automatich, che \u00e0 inuem elia, ulache n possa cianc\u00e9 te truepa rujenedes. N possa nce rujen\u00e9 ite, y pona fejel la traduzion.<\/p>\n

La traduzion ne v\u00ebn nia m\u00e9 fata sun ch\u00ebsta plata internet. Elhuyar \u00e0 fat n system informatich cun ntelig\u00ebnza artifiziela che n possa m\u00ebter sun uni plata internet y che ciancia pona simultan duta la plata internet per spanuel, franz\u00ebus, ngl\u00ebisc o auter. Canche n njonta o muda velch sun la homepage ne muessen donca nia uni iede cianc\u00e9 te d\u2019autra rujenedes y ciari\u00eb su duta la cumedures ti lingac defr\u00ebnc. N se sparania t\u00ebmp. Ch\u00ebsc sistem de traduzion automatica ie bele da ud\u00ebi sun truepa plates internet de istituzions publiches y privates, firmes y nsci inant. L ie b\u00ebn scrit lepr\u00f2 che la traduzion ie simultana y automatica.<\/p>\n

La traduzion simultana ie nce scialdi de utl canche n fej sentedes o manifestazions. Ch\u00ebstes possa un\u00ec fates defin per euskara. Chi che ne nt\u00ebnd nia euskara se m\u00ebt su auriculeres tres ch\u00ebi che i possa scut\u00e9 la traduzion simultana per basch, fata dala ntelig\u00ebnza artifiziela.<\/p>\n

Daujin ala traduzion automatica per basch iel nce un\u00ec svilup\u00e0 n sistem per trascr\u00ec ch\u00ebl che l v\u00ebn dit. Ch\u00ebsc uega p. ej. sce n uel i sottituli de n video o sce n uel se sparani\u00eb l l\u00ebur de scr\u00ec n protocol de na senteda. Nce tl tradut\u00ebur automatic ie mplement\u00e0 ch\u00ebsc sistem dal rujen\u00e0 al scrit (speech to text).<\/p>\n

L cuntrer de dal rujen\u00e0 al scrit ie dal scrit al rujen\u00e0 (text to speech). Na usc de na ntelig\u00ebnza artifiziela ie bona de liejer dant n test. Elhuyar d\u00e0 ora n magasin scientifich che n possa dut se scut\u00e9 su, nce m\u00e9 na c\u00ebrta pert o na frasa spezifica. Ch\u00ebsc sistem possa vester de utl per persones che mpera la rujeneda y uel aud\u00ec la pronunzia, ma l possa nce vester de utl per persones che fej iust stroc a c\u00ebsa y uel p. ej. scut\u00e9 su la zaita, mpede se la liejer. S\u00eburapr\u00f2 possen t\u00f2 ca ch\u00ebsc sistem te scola cun scul\u00e9es y sculeies che \u00e0 dislessia.<\/p>\n

La usc artifiziela che liej dant l scrit possa un\u00ec adateda dass\u00ebnn ala usc de na persona v\u00ebira. Sce l v\u00ebn p. ej. ntervist\u00e0 tla televijion euskara na esperta spanuela che ne s\u00e0 nia euskara, possen njunt\u00e9 la usc artifiziela al video, y mud\u00e9 n pue\u2019 i muvim\u00ebnc di slefs, a na moda che l c\u00ebla ora sciche la sav\u00ebssa ora de nia da rujen\u00e9 euskara. Samb\u00ebn v\u00ebniel pona scrit lepr\u00f2 che ch\u00ebsta pert ie unida fata cun ntelig\u00ebnza artifiziela.<\/p>\n

Tl ultimo t\u00ebmp fovel scialdi de moda danter i m\u00ebndri y la m\u00ebndres cial\u00e9 na trasmiscion per euskara tla televijion. I at\u00ebures y la at\u00ebures de ch\u00ebsta trasmiscion ie scialdi populeres. L ie un\u00ec de moda ti scinch\u00e9 a zachei i auguresc persunalisei per l cumpl\u00ec di ani, fac propi da n at\u00ebur o n\u2019at\u00ebura de ch\u00ebsta seria. Co va pa ch\u00ebla? I at\u00ebures nst\u00ebsc \u00e0 t\u00ebut su n video ulache i dij \u201cIe \u00e9 aud\u00ec che te es ncuei cumpl\u00ec di ani. Te mbince dut l bon\u2026\u201d y nsci inant. Ch\u00ebsc ai per da v\u00ebira t\u00ebut su per euskara. Ma davia che i ne possa nia d\u00ec y t\u00f2 su l inuem de uni mut o muta che se l mbincia v\u00ebn la prima pert dl video, ulache l v\u00ebn p. ej. dit \u201cHoila Sara\u201d o mefun n auter l inuem, fata dala ntelig\u00ebnza artifiziela. Tres l prugram dal scrit al rujen\u00e0 y tres l adatam\u00ebnt di slefs c\u00eblel pona ors sciche sce ch\u00ebsta persunaliteies ti faj\u00ebssa i auguresc persunalisei per euskara per i mutons.<\/p>\n

Bertsolaritza \u2013 l\u2019ert dla mpruvisazion<\/h6>\n

Bertsolaritza ie poejia a usc, mpruviseda, che v\u00ebn cianteda o dita dant te na maniera spontana y performativa, z\u00ebnza se njeni\u00eb ca. I artis\u0107 \u00e0 inuem Bertsolari. A un n vers ti dijen Bertsos. La mpruvisazion v\u00ebn fata ald\u00f2 de regules de rima y metrica. L v\u00ebn dantaldut ciant\u00e0 te meludies dates dant. Suv\u00ebnz d\u00e0 n muderad\u00ebur dant na tematica spontana. I argum\u00ebnc spidlea la descuscions atueles dla soziet\u00e0. La tematiches va dala vita da uni di ala politica, suv\u00ebnz cun umor o ironia.<\/p>\n

L Bertsolari muessa nscila argument\u00e9 o cunt\u00e9 tl medemo mum\u00ebnt, f\u00e9 rimes poeticam\u00ebnter dr\u00ebtes, ciant\u00e9 cun ritm y melodia, mpruvisan dut ch\u00ebsc. N possa l ud\u00ebi coche na pratica culturela danter leteratura, performance y politica. Bertsolaritza ie n\u2019ert y na pert zentrela dl’identit\u00e0 basca, tres ch\u00ebla che l v\u00ebn nce manten\u00ec, svilup\u00e0 inant y dat inant la rujeneda basca.<\/p>\n

N elem\u00ebnt zentrel ie l carater agonistich, sciche tla poejia da zacan o pra i poetry slams d’al didancuei: i Bertsolaris fej suv\u00ebnz pea pra garejedes. I se respuend vers per vers. Nscila v\u00ebniel a s’l d\u00e9 na forma de dialogh poetich cumpetitif cun versc.<\/p>\n

La tradizion ie scialdi vedla y va de reviers ala cultura populera a usc. Pra festes, marc\u00ebi, nozes o auter trasmetova Bertsolari stories, nutizies y valores. Tla sozieteies preletereles ie ch\u00ebsta na funzion tipica dla poejia mpruviseda.<\/p>\n

Ncueicund\u00ec ie Bertsolaritza mo na tradizion viva. L ie de gran campionac (uni cater ani cun milesc de spetad\u00ebures). Bertsolaritza v\u00ebn al didancuei nce nseni\u00e0 tla scoles. Sceb\u00ebn che l se \u00e0 modernis\u00e0, restel na poejia mpruviseda.<\/p>\n

Mujiga<\/h6>\n

L euskara ne v\u00ebn nia m\u00e9 vitalis\u00e0 tres la leteratura, ma nce tres la mujiga. L ie truepa grupes che ciantia per basch te stii d\u2019uni sort. Na plataforma che pieta na s\u00eburavijion dla mujiga ie \u201cBadok\u201d.<\/a><\/p>\n

Bal<\/h6>\n

Tl Paesc Basch iel na gran variet\u00e0 de bai; n desferenzieia passa 10 sortes. Suv\u00ebnz v\u00ebniel bal\u00e0 sun plaza, majera pert te na grupa o a forma de ciad\u00ebina.<\/p>\n

L bal plu mpurtant d\u2019un\u00ebur ie l Aurresku. <\/strong>L se trata de n bal zeremoniel, suv\u00ebnz purt\u00e0 dant da una na persona per uner\u00e9 zachei p. ej. pra nozes o ucajions ufizieles. Cun ch\u00ebsc bal v\u00ebniel mustr\u00e0 respet, denit\u00e0 y la gerarchia soziela. L ie n stil elegant cun sauc auc y vares avisa. L bal v\u00ebn acumpani\u00e0 dal flaut txistu y dal tamburdl.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Aurresku1<\/a><\/sup>https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aurresku#\/media\/File:Aurreskua_dantzatzen.jpg<\/span><\/small><\/em><\/p>\n

N bal plu rituel y marziel ie l Ezpata-dantza, <\/strong>che n bala cun spedes o fus\u0107. Furmazions coletives y batudes ritmiches caraterisea ch\u00ebsta sort de bal che simbolisea la cumenanza y la forza. N possa paredl\u00e9 l Ezpata-dantza <\/strong>cun bai cun la speda tla Nghiltiera y tla Elpes.<\/p>\n

L Fandango<\/strong> ie n bal da festa, scialdi vif y ritmich, che n bala majera pert de doi, ma datrai v\u00ebniel nce bal\u00e0 te grupes. Pra ch\u00ebsc bal tlaceneien o fej de pitli colps cun i d\u00ebic. L Fandango v\u00ebijen dantaldut pra festes populeres y segres. L ie suv\u00ebnz l prim bal canche la festa scum\u00ebncia.<\/p>\n

L Arin-arin<\/strong> ie n bal populer asvelt, cun n tempo scialdi debota. L v\u00ebn fat vares sc\u00ebmpli y repetitifs, suv\u00ebnz diretam\u00ebnter do n Fandango. L Arin-arin avanea la dinamica dla festa; l ie l plu energich y intensif di bai.<\/p>\n

L Mutxikoak <\/strong>ie n bal de grupa tl c\u00ebrtl, pra ch\u00ebl che n fej vares y sauc. Davia che duta la generazions fej pea iel n bal mpurtant per la ntegrazion soziela.<\/p>\n

L Soka-dantza<\/strong> ie n bal a forma de ciad\u00ebina. Se dajan la man o liei da fazul\u00ebc o da na corda balen deberieda. Nce ch\u00ebsc bal ie mpurtant per l ten\u00ec adum dla cumenanza, y ch\u00ebl da vedlam\u00ebnter inc\u00e0. L Soka-dantza spidlea nce l orden soziel.<\/p>\n

Pra l Kaxarranka<\/strong>, n bal zeremoniel, bala i balarins sun na cassa che v\u00ebn purteda da d\u2019autri. Ch\u00ebsta tradizion ie lieda a gildes de p\u00ebiap\u00ebsc y rituai locai.<\/p>\n

L Makil-dantza<\/strong> ie n bal ritmich, da forza y marziel, pra ch\u00ebl che n bat for in\u00f2 adum doi fus\u0107.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Makil-dantza2<\/a><\/sup>https:\/\/eu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euskal_dantzak#\/media\/Fitxategi:Makil_dantza.jpg<\/span><\/em><\/small><\/p>\n

Pra l Ingurutxo<\/strong> bala p\u00e8res te furmazions de n c\u00ebrtl, suv\u00ebnz liei da fazul\u00ebc. Ch\u00ebsc bal ie nfluenz\u00e0 da tradizions dla ch\u00eburt.<\/p>\n

Tla region de Zuberoa ie scialdi cunesci\u00f9 l bal dal got, Godalet dantza,<\/strong> pra ch\u00ebl che un n balarin ndolauter bala nt\u00ebur a n got z\u00ebnza pet\u00e9 cun i piesc laite o strav\u00e9. Ala fin zapel less\u00f9 cun tramedoi piesc. Ch\u00ebsc bal ie una na pert dla Maskarada, che ie na defileda longia cun teater, bal, mujiga y satira. Ch\u00ebsta tradizion va de reviers a rituai per la fin dl inviern y l scumenciam\u00ebnt dl\u2019ansciuda. Un di balarins \u00e0 n ciapel cun ciofs o plumes. Pona al mo s\u00ebura na tel rocia a forma de br\u00ebia o sbinga che va su dovia sce n la druca ju danc\u00e0 y al cuntrer.<\/p>\n

Chisc che \u00e9 numin\u00e0 ie m\u00e9 n valguni di bai bascs. L nen fossa pa b\u00ebn mo d\u2019autri. Ve cunsieie dass\u00ebnn de j\u00ec a i cial\u00e9 y scut\u00e9 su. N generel iel n patrimone scialdi cumples de rituai y pratiches sozieles, n\u2019 esprescion rica y viva dl\u2019identit\u00e0.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Maskarada3<\/a><\/sup>https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maskarada_(carnival_of_Soule)#\/media\/File:2009ko_Maskaradak_Barkoxen.jpg<\/span><\/small><\/em><\/p>\n

Architetura<\/h6>\n

\"\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Architetura a Bayona<\/em><\/small><\/p>\n

Davia che l Paesc Basch ie spart\u00ec danter la Spania y la Franzia, doi stac cun na storia scialdi defr\u00ebnta, se desferenzieia nce l\u2019architetura danter sud y nord. Tla pert spanuela dl Paesc Basch iel truepa c\u00ebses autes cun ziedli cueceni, belau de tei crazanibles, gran pert fates su ntan l t\u00ebmp dla ditatura de Franco. Tla pert franz\u00ebusa dl Paesc Basch, v\u00ebijen pra truepa c\u00ebses na r\u00eb de trames cueceni cun mauta danterite.<\/p>\n

D\u2019autra curiositeies<\/h6>\n

\"\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Tl Paesc Basch iel nce scioldi bascs4<\/a><\/sup>https:\/\/www.guide-du-paysbasque.com\/en\/experiences\/culture-and-heritage\/article-eusko-pays-basque-480.html<\/span><\/em><\/small><\/p>\n

Per renfurz\u00e9 l\u2019economia locala iel un\u00ec met\u00f9 su l Eusko, n scioldo basch. Tla but\u00ebighes o ustaries ulache l ie n s\u00ebni v\u00ebrt sun usc possen pai\u00eb cun Eusko.<\/p>\n

\"pelota_n-navarra\" <\/a> <\/div> <\/div>
\"pelota\" <\/a> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/blockquote>\n

L juech Pelota5<\/a><\/sup>https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pelota#\/media\/Datei:Pelota_N-Navarra.jpg<\/span> | Sort de pela o c\u00ebst per pi\u00eb l pal\u00e9 y l tr\u00e9 in\u00f26<\/a><\/sup>https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pelota#\/media\/Datei:MEK_II-279.jpg<\/span><\/em><\/small><\/p>\n

Tl Paesc Basch v\u00ebniel fat n valguna sortes de sport che n\u00ebus ne cunescion nia. L plu cunesci\u00f9 ie l juech Pelota, nce tlam\u00e0 Pelota Vasca. L Pelota ie n juech de rebatuda de urigin basca. Doi jugad\u00ebures o doi scuadres da doi bat un al iede na codla contra n par\u00ebi, tlam\u00e0 Front\u00f3n, nchin che una na pert fej n pont ald\u00f2 dla regules. Venci\u00f9 \u00e0 chi che arjonj per prim na c\u00ebrta cump\u00ebida de ponc. L v\u00ebn for jug\u00e0 cun na codla, ma l ie truepa manieres defr\u00ebntes de tr\u00e9 l pal\u00e9: cun la man blota, cun na br\u00ebia da bater o cun na sort de c\u00ebst per pi\u00eb l pal\u00e9 y l tr\u00e9 in\u00f2.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Auguste Rodin cun l ciapel Basch7<\/a><\/sup>https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Baskenm%C3%BCtze#\/media\/Datei:Netsurf11_-_Rodin.jpg<\/span><\/em><\/small><\/p>\n

L ciapel Basch ie n ciapel de lana fuleda da zacan, na sort de barett. L v\u00ebn bonam\u00ebnter dai Pireneies, da ulache l se \u00e0 sparpani\u00e0 ora tl Paesc Basch ujin y po\u2018 sun dut l mond. Si particularit\u00e0 ie la forma plata y n zbich tl z\u00ebnter, che v\u00ebn a s’l d\u00e9 canche n fej l filz.<\/p>\n

Serie<\/span> I<\/span><\/a> II<\/span><\/a> III<\/span><\/a> IV<\/span><\/p>\n