{"id":7488,"date":"2011-04-12T16:51:38","date_gmt":"2011-04-12T14:51:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/?p=7488"},"modified":"2025-04-04T10:56:28","modified_gmt":"2025-04-04T08:56:28","slug":"finnland-schwedisch-sami-und-romani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/?p=7488","title":{"rendered":"Finnland: Schwedisch, Sami und Romani."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nachdem ich einen <a title=\"Suomi.\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/?p=7406\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Kurzbericht \u00fcber Finnland<\/a> verfasst habe, in dem ich die Situation des Schwedischen mit der des Deutschen in S\u00fcdtirol verglichen habe, m\u00f6chte ich noch einige \u00dcberlegungen zur dortigen Sprachsituation im Vergleich zum Ladinischen anstellen.<\/p>\n<p>Die schwedische Minderheit stellt rund 5,5% der finnischen Gesamtbev\u00f6lkerung. Sie genie\u00dft einen umfassenden Schutz, muttersprachliche Schulen, Gleichstellung in allen Belangen und darf im Verkehr mit der Zentralregierung, mit zwei- und schwedischsprachigen Gemeinden und vor Gericht die eigene Sprache benutzen.<\/p>\n<p>Die ladinische Minderheit stellt rund 4,5% der S\u00fcdtiroler Gesamtbev\u00f6lkerung. Ladinisch ist nur in den ladinischen T\u00e4lern Amtssprache und auf Landesebene nicht mit Deutsch und Italienisch gleichgestellt, sondern kaum pr\u00e4sent. Die sogenannte parit\u00e4tische Schule bietet Ladinisch nur als Unterrichtsfach (zwei Wochenstunden), nicht aber als Vehikularsprache an.<\/p>\n<p>In Finnland hat das indigene Volk der Samen (mit rd. 1.800 Sprechern\/0,03% der Bev\u00f6lkerung) eigene Schulen, in denen die Kinder in ihrer Muttersprache unterrichtet werden. Daneben lernen sie Finnisch und\/oder Schwedisch. Zum Vergleich: Die ladinischen Gemeinden in S\u00fcdtirol z\u00e4hlen ca. 19.000 Einwohnerinnen.<\/p>\n<p>Die Roma sind in Finnland eine anerkannte nicht-territoriale Minderheit, welche ebenfalls Recht auf muttersprachlichen Unterricht genie\u00dft. Finnland hat \u2014 anders als Italien \u2014 die <a title=\"Die Charta der Regional- und Minderheitensprachen.\" href=\"http:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/?p=1348\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Europ\u00e4ische Charta der Regional- und Minderheitensprachen<\/em><\/a> ratifiziert und die darin enthaltenen Rechte ausdr\u00fccklich auf die Roma ausgeweitet.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Zur Vertiefung: Auszug aus dem Gesetz 628\/1998 (Basic Education Act):<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Section 6 The determination of a pupil&#8217;s school<\/p>\n<p>2. The local authority shall assign to a child of compulsory school age and others receiving education under this Act a neighbourhood school or some other appropriate place where education is given under Section 4(1) and (2) in his or her native language in which the local authority is obliged to provide education. A pupil participating in pre-primary education may also be assigned a day-care facility which fulfils comparable criteria or some other appropriate facility as a place of education. For a well-founded reason relating to educational arrangements, the local authority may change the place of education without changing the language of instruction. (Amendment 1288\/1999)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>Section 10 Language of instruction<\/p>\n<p>1. The language of instruction and the language used in extracurricular teaching shall be either Finnish or Swedish. The language of instruction may also be Saame, Roma or sign language. In addition, part of teaching may be given in a language other than the pupils&#8217; native language referred to above, provided that this does not risk the pupils&#8217; ability to follow teaching. (Amendment 1288\/1999)<br \/>\n2. Pupils living in the Saame home area who are proficient in the Saame language shall be primarily taught in Saame. Pupils with auditory impairments must be given teaching in sign language, when needed.<br \/>\n3. If the education provider provides education in more than one of the languages of instruction referred to in subsections 1 and 2 in which the pupil can study, the parent\/carer shall choose the language of instruction.<br \/>\n4. Additionally, in a separate teaching group or in a separate school, teaching may be given primarily or totally in a language other than those referred to in subsection 1.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>Section 12 Mother tongue<\/p>\n<p>1. As mother tongue, the pupil shall be taught Finnish, Swedish or Saame in keeping with the language of instruction.<br \/>\n2. As mother tongue, the pupil may also be taught the Roma language, sign language or some other language which is the pupil&#8217;s native language.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote><p>Section 15 Curriculum<\/p>\n<p>1. The education provider shall adopt a curriculum for education referred to in this Act. The curriculum shall be adopted separately for education given in the Finnish, Swedish and Saame languages and in other languages, where needed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-transform: uppercase;\">C\u00ebla enghe:<\/span><\/strong> <a title=\"Il paradosso di Taxell.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/?p=91113\"><span style=\"color: #ff8c00\"><code>01<\/code><\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nachdem ich einen Kurzbericht \u00fcber Finnland verfasst habe, in dem ich die Situation des Schwedischen mit der des Deutschen in S\u00fcdtirol verglichen habe, m\u00f6chte ich noch einige \u00dcberlegungen zur dortigen Sprachsituation im Vergleich zum Ladinischen anstellen. Die schwedische Minderheit stellt rund 5,5% der finnischen Gesamtbev\u00f6lkerung. Sie genie\u00dft einen umfassenden Schutz, muttersprachliche Schulen, Gleichstellung in allen [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7488","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-allgemein","issue-charta-der-minderheitensprachen","location-suomi","location-ladinia","language-deutsch","language-english","topic-bildung","topic-comparatio","topic-minderheitenschutz","topic-plurilinguism","topic-romasinti","topic-scola","topic-vorzeigeautonomie"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7488","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7488"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7488\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":91132,"href":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7488\/revisions\/91132"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7488"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7488"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.brennerbasisdemokratie.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7488"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}